What Is R-22 & Why It's Being Phased Out
R-22, known as HCFC refrigerant, has been the standard cooling agent in residential AC systems for decades. It circulates through your compressor, condenser, and evaporator coil, absorbing heat from inside your home and releasing it outdoors. If you own a home built before 2010, your system almost certainly uses R-22.
In 1987, scientists discovered that certain refrigerants damage the Earth’s ozone layer. The EPA responded with the Montreal Protocol and subsequent regulations. R-22, while less damaging than older refrigerants like CFC-12, still depletes ozone. The EPA mandated a complete phase-out: production and imports of R-22 are prohibited as of January 1, 2020. Since then, only recycled and recovered R-22 from decommissioned systems remains available.
The phase-out timeline matters. Your AC works fine today. But as R-22 supply shrinks, prices climb. A refrigerant top-up that cost $200 in 2015 can now run $400–$600. In Glendale’s summer heat, an R-22 leak is expensive to fix. Waiting until your system fails — rather than planning ahead — forces a costly emergency repair or replacement decision at the worst possible time.